{"id":1500,"date":"2020-12-07T22:31:42","date_gmt":"2020-12-07T20:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=1500"},"modified":"2020-12-07T19:14:41","modified_gmt":"2020-12-07T17:14:41","slug":"170-eve-szuletett-schwarz-david-a-leghajo-igazi-feltalaloja","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=1500&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"170 \u00e9ve sz\u00fcletett Schwarz D\u00e1vid, a l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3 igazi feltal\u00e1l\u00f3ja"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A rep\u00fcl\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9ben vil\u00e1gszerte Ferdinand Zeppelint tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon az els\u0151 ir\u00e1ny\u00edthat\u00f3 l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3 meg\u00e9p\u00edt\u0151jek\u00e9nt. A n\u00e9met gr\u00f3f azonban egy magyar, a sz\u00e1zhetven \u00e9ve, 1850. december 7-\u00e9n, Keszthelyen sz\u00fcletett Schwarz D\u00e1vid \u00f6tlet\u00e9t \u00e9s terveit val\u00f3s\u00edtotta meg. Schwarz a l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3z\u00e1s valamennyi alapvet\u0151 k\u00e9rd\u00e9s\u00e9t els\u0151k\u00e9nt oldotta meg, de szerkezet\u00e9nek pr\u00f3barep\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t nem \u00e9rte meg: a feltal\u00e1l\u00f3 1897. janu\u00e1r 13-\u00e1n meghalt.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"576\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/cultura-david-schwarz-melania-schwarz-1000x576-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1501\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/cultura-david-schwarz-melania-schwarz-1000x576-1.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/cultura-david-schwarz-melania-schwarz-1000x576-1-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/cultura-david-schwarz-melania-schwarz-1000x576-1-768x442.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Schwarz iskol\u00e1i ut\u00e1n erd\u00e9szetn\u00e9l dolgozott, majd 1880-ban feles\u00e9g\u00fcl vette egy j\u00f3m\u00f3d\u00fa z\u00e1gr\u00e1bi fakeresked\u0151 l\u00e1ny\u00e1t. T\u00edz \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bb, ap\u00f3sa hal\u00e1la ut\u00e1n meg\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00f6lte annak v\u00e1llalkoz\u00e1s\u00e1t, \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9se az erd\u0151kitermel\u00e9sen haszn\u00e1lt g\u00e9pek nyom\u00e1n fordult m\u0171szaki k\u00e9rd\u00e9sek fel\u00e9. Els\u0151 l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3terveit a b\u00e9csi had\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium elutas\u00edtotta, ezut\u00e1n az orosz korm\u00e1nynak aj\u00e1nlotta fel azokat, amely fog\u00e9konynak mutatkozott az \u00f6tlet ir\u00e1nt. Schwarz 1892-t\u0151l k\u00e9t \u00e9vig Szentp\u00e9terv\u00e1ron dolgozott, de hi\u00e1ba k\u00f6lt\u00f6tt el igen tekint\u00e9lyes summ\u00e1t, 77 ezer rubelt, a hidrog\u00e9n t\u00f6lt\u00e9s\u00e9t nem tudta megoldani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">1895-ben Berlinbe telep\u00fclt \u00e1t, s merev rendszer\u0171, k\u00f6nny\u0171f\u00e9mb\u0151l \u00e9p\u00edtett korm\u00e1nyozhat\u00f3 l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3ja felkeltette a porosz had\u00fcgyminiszt\u00e9rium \u00e9rdekl\u0151d\u00e9s\u00e9t is. P\u00e9nzt azonban nem adtak r\u00e1, mert a tal\u00e1lm\u00e1nyt katonai c\u00e9lokra alkalmatlannak tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k \u2013 joggal, hiszen az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00faban bevetett 97 Zeppelin k\u00f6z\u00fcl 94 elpusztult. A l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3k ugyanis lass\u00fas\u00e1guk miatt ki voltak szolg\u00e1ltatva a mozg\u00e9kony rep\u00fcl\u0151g\u00e9peknek, r\u00e1ad\u00e1sul robban\u00e9konys\u00e1guk miatt k\u00f6nny\u0171 c\u00e9lpontot jelentettek \u00e9s 1916-ban ki is vont\u00e1k \u0151ket a frontvonalb\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"632\" height=\"420\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/schwarz-leghajo.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/schwarz-leghajo.jpg 632w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/schwarz-leghajo-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 632px) 100vw, 632px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Schwarz \u00f6tlete volt a merev alum\u00ednium v\u00e1z \u00e9s az erre fesz\u00edtett szivar alak\u00fa, v\u00e9kony alum\u00edniumlemezzel bor\u00edtott, hidrog\u00e9nnel t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt haj\u00f3test. A l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3t \u00e9s a gondol\u00e1t k\u00f6telek helyett szil\u00e1rd rudakkal kapcsolta \u00f6ssze, a t\u00f6lt\u00e9st g\u00e1zrekeszek seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel tette biztons\u00e1gosabb\u00e1, a h\u00e1rom l\u00e9gcsavar meghajt\u00e1s\u00e1t n\u00e9gyhengeres, v\u00edzh\u0171t\u00e9ses robban\u00f3motor biztos\u00edtotta. Schwarz \u00edgy a l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3z\u00e1s valamennyi alapvet\u0151 k\u00e9rd\u00e9s\u00e9t megoldotta, de szerkezet\u00e9nek pr\u00f3barep\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t nem \u00e9rte meg. 1897. janu\u00e1r 13-\u00e1n meghalt, munk\u00e1j\u00e1t \u00f6zvegye fejezte be.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3 els\u0151 \u00e9s utols\u00f3 \u00fatj\u00e1t m\u00e1r a feltal\u00e1l\u00f3 hal\u00e1la ut\u00e1n, a tempelhofi rep\u00fcl\u0151t\u00e9ren tette meg. Kezdetben minden j\u00f3l alakult, azonban a pil\u00f3ta, aki m\u00e9g soha nem vezetett, nem is vezethetett hasonl\u00f3 szerkezetet, megr\u00e9m\u00fclt az egyik \u00e9ksz\u00edj elszakad\u00e1s\u00e1t\u00f3l \u00e9s hirtelen t\u00fal sok hidrog\u00e9nt engedett ki a ballonb\u00f3l. A g\u00e9p zuhanni kezdett, a f\u00f6ldh\u00f6z csap\u00f3dott \u00e9s kett\u00e9t\u00f6rt. A k\u00f6z\u00f6ns\u00e9g soraiban ott volt Ferdinand Zeppelin gr\u00f3f is, aki m\u00e1r 1885-ben szabadalmat szerzett a l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3 \u00f6tlet\u00e9re, a munk\u00e1val azonban nem \u00fagy haladt, ahogy szeretett volna. A kudarccal v\u00e9gz\u0151d\u00f6tt bemutat\u00f3 ut\u00e1n a n\u00e9met gr\u00f3f az \u00f6sszes szabadalmat megvette az \u00f6zvegyt\u0151l, s h\u00e1rom \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bb el\u0151\u00e1llt a r\u00f3la elnevezett l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3t\u00edpussal. A Zeppelin f\u00e9nyes karriert futott be, s csak a rep\u00fcl\u0151g\u00e9pek tudt\u00e1k n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00e9vtizeddel k\u00e9s\u0151bb kiszor\u00edtani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/pestisracok.hu\/170-eve-szuletett-schwarz-david-a-leghajo-magyar-feltalaloja\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(pestisracok.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A rep\u00fcl\u00e9s t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9ben vil\u00e1gszerte Ferdinand Zeppelint tartj\u00e1k sz\u00e1mon az els\u0151 ir\u00e1ny\u00edthat\u00f3 l\u00e9ghaj\u00f3 meg\u00e9p\u00edt\u0151jek\u00e9nt. A n\u00e9met gr\u00f3f azonban egy magyar, a sz\u00e1zhetven \u00e9ve, 1850. december 7-\u00e9n, Keszthelyen sz\u00fcletett Schwarz D\u00e1vid \u00f6tlet\u00e9t \u00e9s terveit val\u00f3s\u00edtotta meg.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1503,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,41,17,39],"tags":[1489,1488,251,1487],"class_list":["post-1500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-nap-hirei","category-cikkek","category-surgos","category-vilag","tag-feltalalo","tag-leghajo","tag-magyarorszag","tag-schwarz-david"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1500","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1500"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1500\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1500"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1500"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1500"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}