{"id":2409,"date":"2021-08-04T22:17:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-04T19:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=2409"},"modified":"2021-08-04T21:52:54","modified_gmt":"2021-08-04T18:52:54","slug":"korabban-epulhetett-fel-a-machu-picchu-mint-ahogy-eddig-gondoltak","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=2409&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Kor\u00e1bban \u00e9p\u00fclhetett fel a Machu Picchu, mint ahogy eddig gondolt\u00e1k"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A d\u00e9l-perui Machu Picchu hegycs\u00facson fekv\u0151 inka fellegv\u00e1r\u00e1t \u00e9vtizedekkel kor\u00e1bban \u00e9p\u00edthett\u00e9k \u00e9s lakhatj\u00e1k, mint azt kor\u00e1bban a tud\u00f3sok gondolt\u00e1k. Legal\u00e1bbis a r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti lel\u0151helyen tal\u00e1lt \u00faj emberi maradv\u00e1nyok sz\u00e9nizot\u00f3pos kormeghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa szerint. A friss eredm\u00e9nyek \u00e1t\u00edrhatj\u00e1k az Inka Birodalom kronol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1t.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A v\u00e1ros t\u00f6rt\u00e9nete ellentmond\u00e1sos spanyol forr\u00e1sokon alapult<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy \u00faj vizsg\u00e1lat szerint a v\u00e9ltn\u00e9l \u00e9vtizedekkel kor\u00e1bban \u00e9p\u00fclt fel a Machu Picchu, az egykori Inka Birodalomb\u00f3l maradt romv\u00e1ros. Az \u00faj felfedez\u00e9s azt \u00e1ll\u00edtja, hogy m\u00e1r 1420-ban (\u00e9s val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg sokkal kor\u00e1bban is) m\u00e1r lakt\u00e1k, ami \u00e1t\u00edrhatja az Inka Birodalom kronol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Machu Picchu a vil\u00e1g legh\u00edresebb r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti lel\u0151helyei k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik, de eddig a kor\u00e1val \u00e9s egy\u00e9b vonatkoz\u00e1isaival kapcsolatos becsl\u00e9sek a spanyolok ellentmond\u00e1sos t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi besz\u00e1mol\u00f3in alapultak \u2013 mondta Richard Burger, a Connecticut -i Yale Egyetem r\u00e9g\u00e9sze \u00e9s antropol\u00f3gusa a t\u00e9m\u00e1ban most publik\u00e1lt tanulm\u00e1ny vezet\u0151je a LiveScience online tudom\u00e1nyos port\u00e1lnak. \u2013 Ezek a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi besz\u00e1mol\u00f3k azt \u00e1ll\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a Machu Picchu 1440 \u00e9s 1450 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt \u00e9p\u00fclt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20190516machu-picchu.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2410\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20190516machu-picchu.jpg 800w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20190516machu-picchu-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/20190516machu-picchu-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00faj kutat\u00e1sban Burger \u00e9s t\u00e1rsszerz\u0151i azonban meg\u00e1llap\u00edtott\u00e1k, hogy a helysz\u00ednen tal\u00e1lt emberi maradv\u00e1nyok azt mutatj\u00e1k, hogy a perui, 2430 m\u00e9teres magass\u00e1gban fekv\u0151 Machu Picchu az eddig v\u00e9ltekn\u00e9l t\u00f6bb mint 20 \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bban m\u00e1r lakott lehetett.Az Antiquity tudom\u00e1nyos szaklapban publik\u00e1lt tanulm\u00e1ny szerint spanyol inv\u00e1zi\u00f3 ut\u00e1n, az 1530-as \u00e9vekben elhagyt\u00e1k, majd k\u00e9s\u0151bb nyugaton \u201eaz ink\u00e1k elveszett v\u00e1rosa\u201d n\u00e9ven v\u00e1lt k\u00f6zismertt\u00e9, b\u00e1r a hely\u00e9t az emberek nem ismert\u00e9k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Legal\u00e1bb 20 \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bban temetkeztek a lel\u0151helyn\u00e9l<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A r\u00e9g\u00e9szek \u00fagy v\u00e9lik, hogy Machu Picchu-t 1450 k\u00f6r\u00fcl Pacsakutek Jupanki inka kir\u00e1ly birtokak\u00e9nt \u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k, aki Cuzc\u00f3ban, a mai d\u00e9lkeleti Peru inka f\u0151v\u00e1ros\u00e1ban sz\u00fcletett.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A h\u00f3d\u00edt\u00e1s ut\u00e1n \u00edrt spanyol dokumentumokon alapul\u00f3 kronol\u00f3gia szerint az ikonikus fellegv\u00e1r 1438 k\u00f6r\u00fcl \u00e9p\u00fclt, miut\u00e1n az uralkod\u00f3 hatalomra ker\u00fclt, \u00e9s megkezdte a birodalom kiterjeszt\u00e9s\u00e9t a k\u00f6zeli r\u00e9gi\u00f3kra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Burger \u00e9s koll\u00e9g\u00e1i most megvizsg\u00e1ltak huszonhat emberi maradv\u00e1nyt, amelyeket Machu Picchu h\u00e1rom temet\u0151j\u00e9ben tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k. Az \u00faj elemz\u00e9s sor\u00e1n sz\u00e9nizot\u00f3pos kormeghat\u00e1roz\u00e1st v\u00e9geztek, amit gyors\u00edt\u00f3 t\u00f6megspektrometria (AMS) n\u00e9ven ismert \u00e9rz\u00e9keny technik\u00e1val elegy\u00edtettek, amely kit\u0171n\u0151en alkalmas kis mennyis\u00e9g\u0171 szerves anyag vizsg\u00e1lat\u00e1ra is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"480\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machu-picchu.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2411\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machu-picchu.jpg 800w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machu-picchu-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/machu-picchu-768x461.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az eredm\u00e9nyek tan\u00fas\u00e1ga szerint legal\u00e1bb 20 \u00e9vvel a v\u00e1ros eddig ismert \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se el\u0151tt temetkeztek a lel\u0151helyn\u00e9l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az eredm\u00e9nyek szerint Machu Picchu-t k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 1420 \u00e9s 1530 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt foglalt\u00e1k el, teh\u00e1t \u00e9vtizedekkel kor\u00e1bban, mint azt kor\u00e1bban gondoltuk \u2013 magyar\u00e1zt\u00e1k a kutat\u00f3k. \u2013 Ez viszont azt jelentheti, hogy Pacsakutek kir\u00e1ly m\u00e1r a hatalomra ker\u00fcl\u00e9se el\u0151tt megkezdhette a szomsz\u00e9dos r\u00e9gi\u00f3k megh\u00f3d\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A szakemberek szerint a modern m\u00f3dszerek jobb alapot ny\u00fajthatnak az ink\u00e1k kronol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1nak meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9hez, mint az ellentmond\u00e1sos t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi feljegyz\u00e9sek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dennis Ogburn, a Charlotte-i \u00c9szak-Karolinai Egyetem antropol\u00f3gusa \u00e9s r\u00e9g\u00e9sze r\u00e1ad\u00e1sul \u00fagy v\u00e9li, hogy Pacsakutek Jupanki inka kir\u00e1ly hatalomra jut\u00e1s\u00e1nak t\u00f6bb \u00e9vtizedes elt\u00e9r\u00e9se kihat\u00e1ssal lehet az ink\u00e1k t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9nek meg\u00e9rt\u00e9s\u00e9re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.origo.hu\/tudomany\/20210804-evtizedekkel-korabban-epithettek-fel-a-machu-picchut.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(origo.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A d\u00e9l-perui Machu Picchu hegycs\u00facson fekv\u0151 inka fellegv\u00e1r\u00e1t \u00e9vtizedekkel kor\u00e1bban \u00e9p\u00edthett\u00e9k \u00e9s lakhatj\u00e1k, mint azt kor\u00e1bban a tud\u00f3sok gondolt\u00e1k. Legal\u00e1bbis a r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti lel\u0151helyen tal\u00e1lt \u00faj emberi maradv\u00e1nyok sz\u00e9nizot\u00f3pos kormeghat\u00e1roz\u00e1sa szerint. A friss eredm\u00e9nyek \u00e1t\u00edrhatj\u00e1k az Inka Birodalom kronol\u00f3gi\u00e1j\u00e1t.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":2410,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,17,39],"tags":[8859,8858],"class_list":["post-2409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-surgos","category-vilag","tag-inka-birodalom","tag-machu-picchu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2409","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2409"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2409\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2410"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2409"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2409"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2409"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}