{"id":281,"date":"2020-02-05T17:16:38","date_gmt":"2020-02-05T15:16:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=281"},"modified":"2020-02-05T21:25:27","modified_gmt":"2020-02-05T19:25:27","slug":"hiram-stevens-maxim-es-gepfegyvere","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=281&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Hiram Stevens Maxim \u00e9s g\u00e9pfegyvere"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hiram Stevens Maxim 1840. febru\u00e1r 5-\u00e9n Maine \u00e1llamban f\u00f6ldm\u0171vel\u0151 csal\u00e1dba sz\u00fcletett. Noha oktat\u00e1sban alig r\u00e9szes\u00fclt, Maxim m\u00e1r tizen\u00e9vesk\u00e9nt felh\u00edvta mag\u00e1ra a figyelmet k\u00e9pess\u00e9geivel: az egerek jelentette probl\u00e9m\u00e1kra egy \u00faj, mag\u00e1t automatikusan \u00fajra \u201ebe\u00e9les\u00edt\u0151\u201d eg\u00e9rfog\u00f3t tervezett, amely l\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben ma is v\u00e1ltozatlan alapelvvel haszn\u00e1latos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"933\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hiram-photo-933x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hiram-photo-933x1024.jpg 933w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hiram-photo-273x300.jpg 273w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hiram-photo-768x843.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/hiram-photo.jpg 1302w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 933px) 100vw, 933px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els\u0151 szabadalm\u00e1t 26 \u00e9ves kor\u00e1ban szerezte egy hajs\u00fct\u0151vasra, ezut\u00e1n pedig egy olyan automatikusan bekapcsol\u00f3 t\u0171zolt\u00f3rendszert tervezett, amely a t\u0171z olt\u00e1sa mellett m\u00e9g a legk\u00f6zelebbi t\u0171zolt\u00f3\u00e1llom\u00e1sra is k\u00fcld\u00f6tt egy t\u00e1viratot arr\u00f3l, hogy baj van.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tal\u00e1n, ha nem kezd el az agya a fegyverek k\u00f6r\u00fcl zakatolni, minden m\u00e1shogy alakul. A sorsd\u00f6nt\u0151 v\u00e1lt\u00e1s egy anekdota szerint egy cinikus megjegyz\u00e9sre vezethet\u0151 vissza. 1881-ben Maxim m\u00e1r a United States Electric Lighting Company vezet\u0151 m\u00e9rn\u00f6ke volt, \u00e9s ebben a min\u0151s\u00e9g\u00e9ben vett r\u00e9szt egy p\u00e1rizsi szakmai ki\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1son, ahol d\u00edjat is nyert egy automatikus nyom\u00e1sszab\u00e1lyoz\u00f3 szeleppel, szabadidej\u00e9ben pedig f\u0151leg leveg\u0151n\u00e9l nehezebb rep\u00fcl\u0151 szerkezetekkel foglalkozott.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Amikor sz\u00f3ba elegyedett (ekkor, vagy egy k\u00e9s\u0151bbi b\u00e9csi l\u00e1togat\u00e1s\u00e1n) egy ismeretlennel, \u00e9s arra panaszkodott, hogy tal\u00e1lm\u00e1nyai nem hozt\u00e1k meg az \u00e1t\u00fct\u0151 sikert, az odavetette neki: \u201eOlyan szerkezetet k\u00e9ne terveznie, amivel az eur\u00f3paiak hat\u00e9konyabban v\u00e1ghatj\u00e1k el egym\u00e1s tork\u00e1t!\u201d A hazafele vezet\u0151 hossz\u00fa haj\u00f3\u00faton Maxim rajzolgatni kezdett\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> Nemsok\u00e1ra felmondott, majd Nagy-Britanni\u00e1ba k\u00f6lt\u00f6z\u00f6tt, \u00e9s 1884-ben bemutatta els\u0151 g\u00e9ppusk\u00e1j\u00e1t, amely a kil\u0151tt t\u00f6lt\u00e9ny energi\u00e1j\u00e1t felhaszn\u00e1lva l\u00f6kte ki a cs\u0151b\u0151l az elhaszn\u00e1lt \u00fcres h\u00fcvelyt, majd t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte be a hely\u00e9re az \u00fajat. Mindezt nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l egy tizedm\u00e1sodperc leforg\u00e1sa alatt \u2013 els\u0151 protot\u00edpusa percenk\u00e9nt nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l 600 goly\u00f3t l\u0151tt ki. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-default\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1-752x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1-752x1024.png 752w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1-220x300.png 220w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1-768x1046.png 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1-1128x1536.png 1128w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/02\/maxim-cassier-and-smith-with-machine-gun-for-germany-cassiers-1895-04-cropped-1140x1553-1.png 1140w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" \/><figcaption> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"> B\u00e1r el\u0151sz\u00f6r sokan lehetetlennek tartott\u00e1k megb\u00edzhat\u00f3, sorozatgy\u00e1rtott t\u00edpusok \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t, a brit Vickers fegyvergy\u00e1r l\u00e1tott fant\u00e1zi\u00e1t a dologban, \u00e9s k\u00f6z\u00f6s c\u00e9get l\u00e9trehozva kezdte gy\u00e1rtani a g\u00e9ppusk\u00e1kat. Az 1890-es v\u00e9g\u00e9t\u0151l minden eur\u00f3pai hadseregben rendszeres\u00edtett\u00e9k a Maxim elvei alapj\u00e1n m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 fegyvereket, hogy azok azt\u00e1n az els\u0151 vil\u00e1gh\u00e1bor\u00fa csataterein bizony\u00edts\u00e1k be v\u00e9gleg f\u00e9lelmetes, a hadvisel\u00e9st alapvet\u0151en \u00e1talak\u00edt\u00f3 hat\u00e9konys\u00e1gukat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\"><p>\u201eNagyon furcsa vil\u00e1g ez. \u00c9n alkottam az els\u0151 automatikus fegyvert. Elk\u00e9peszt\u0151, milyen gyorsan felkapott a h\u00edrn\u00e9v ez\u00e1ltal. Ha b\u00e1rmi m\u00e1s lett volna, nem egy gyilkos g\u00e9pezet, alig besz\u00e9ltek volna r\u00f3la. Kijelenthet\u0151 teh\u00e1t, hogy igen becs\u00fclend\u0151 dolog gyilkos g\u00e9pezetet feltal\u00e1lni, \u00e9s sz\u00e9gyenteljes egy olyan szerkezetet alkotni, amely megg\u00e1tolhatja az emberi szenved\u00e9st\u201d \u2013 \u00edrta Maxim .<br><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Forr\u00e1s: 24.hu, Fot\u00f3:  Wikipedia <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hiram Stevens Maxim 1884-ben mutatta els\u0151 g\u00e9ppusk\u00e1j\u00e1t, amely a kil\u0151tt t\u00f6lt\u00e9ny energi\u00e1j\u00e1t felhaszn\u00e1lva l\u00f6kte ki a cs\u0151b\u0151l az elhaszn\u00e1lt \u00fcres h\u00fcvelyt, majd t\u00f6lt\u00f6tte be a hely\u00e9re az \u00fajat. Mindezt nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l egy tizedm\u00e1sodperc leforg\u00e1sa alatt \u2013 els\u0151 protot\u00edpusa percenk\u00e9nt nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l 600 goly\u00f3t l\u0151tt ki. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":287,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-281","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fotok","category-vilag"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/10"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=281"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/281\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/287"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=281"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=281"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=281"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}