{"id":3361,"date":"2022-07-20T22:13:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-20T19:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3361"},"modified":"2022-07-19T20:45:19","modified_gmt":"2022-07-19T17:45:19","slug":"varatlan-reszletek-derultek-ki-mexiko-gyarmatositasarol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3361&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"V\u00e1ratlan r\u00e9szletek der\u00fcltek ki Mexik\u00f3 gyarmatos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A r\u00e9g\u00e9szek \u00f6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tt\u00e9k a mexik\u00f3i Campeche t\u00edz, gyarmati kori lakos\u00e1nak DNS-\u00e9t, felt\u00e1rva az amerikai kontinensen \u00e9l\u0151 eur\u00f3pai telep\u00fcl\u00e9sek alap\u00edt\u00f3 popul\u00e1ci\u00f3inak sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g\u00e9t. Ez volt az els\u0151 v\u00e1ros, amelyet a spanyolok a Yucat\u00e1n-f\u00e9lszigeten alap\u00edtottak 1540-ben. A fontos kik\u00f6t\u0151t kezdetben egy pl\u00e9b\u00e1niatemplom szolg\u00e1lta, m\u00edgnem 1680-ban egy katedr\u00e1lisra cser\u00e9lt\u00e9k. Az eredeti \u00e9p\u00fcletet csak 2000-ben fedezt\u00e9k fel \u00fajra a ment\u0151felt\u00e1r\u00e1sok sor\u00e1n, amikor a r\u00e9g\u00e9szek 129 korai gyarmati temetkez\u00e9st tal\u00e1ltak a helysz\u00ednen.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-figu1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-figu1.png 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-figu1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-figu1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A temetkez\u00e9sekkel kapcsolatos DNS kinyer\u00e9s\u00e9re tett korai k\u00eds\u00e9rletek eddig kudarcot vallottak. Az ezzel kapcsolatos technol\u00f3gia fejl\u0151d\u00e9se azonban lehet\u0151v\u00e9 tette, hogy a tud\u00f3sok genetikai adatokat gy\u0171jtsenek a fontos helysz\u00ednr\u0151l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u0151si DNS-t vizsg\u00e1l\u00f3 m\u00f3dszerek od\u00e1ig fejl\u0151dtek, hogy massz\u00edv adatokat tudunk el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani meleg, nedves k\u00f6rnyezetb\u0151l \u2013 mondta dr. Jakob Sedig, a Harvard Egyetem Reich Laborat\u00f3rium\u00e1nak munkat\u00e1rsa \u00e9s a kutat\u00e1s t\u00e1rsszerz\u0151je a HeritageDaily online tudom\u00e1nyos port\u00e1lnak. \u2013 A megk\u00f6vesedett csont seg\u00edts\u00e9g\u00e9vel kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 adatokat tudtunk el\u0151\u00e1ll\u00edtani mind a 10 \u00e1ltalunk tesztelt egyedr\u0151l, ami biztat\u00f3 a j\u00f6v\u0151beni \u0151si DNS-elemz\u00e9s szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A DNS kimutatta, hogy a gyarmati temet\u0151ben eltemetett t\u00edz ember hat n\u0151b\u0151l \u00e9s n\u00e9gy f\u00e9rfib\u00f3l \u00e1llt, \u00e9s egyik\u00fck sem volt egym\u00e1s k\u00f6zeli rokona. A legt\u00f6bb helyi \u0151slakos amerikai volt, de azonos\u00edtottak eur\u00f3pai \u00e9s szubszaharai afrikai sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00faakat is. Az Antiquity tudom\u00e1nyos foly\u00f3iratban publik\u00e1lt tanulm\u00e1ny szerint a paleogenomikai adatok nevezetesen ellentmondanak n\u00e9h\u00e1ny kor\u00e1bbi k\u00eds\u00e9rletnek, amely az egyedek nem\u00e9t \u00e9s sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00e1t kiz\u00e1r\u00f3lag a fizikai tulajdons\u00e1gok hagyom\u00e1nyos elemz\u00e9se alapj\u00e1n azonos\u00edtotta.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"593\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-1024x593.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-1024x593.png 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-768x444.png 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-1536x889.png 1536w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/urn-cambridgeorg-id-binary-20220627075032129-0219-s0003598x22000795-s0003598x22000795-fig3-2048x1185.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A korai gyarmati Campeche lakoss\u00e1ga t\u00f6bbnemzetis\u00e9g\u0171 lehetett, ahol a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 csoportok el\u0151sz\u00f6r keveredtek egym\u00e1ssal a spanyol uralom alatt \u2013 mutatott r\u00e1 Vera Tiesler professzor, az Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Yucat\u00e1n kutat\u00f3ja \u00e9s a kutat\u00e1s t\u00e1rsszerz\u0151je. \u2013 A helyiek t\u00e9rbeli eloszl\u00e1sa \u00e9s a Campeche temet\u0151ben a k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 felmen\u0151kkel rendelkez\u0151 bev\u00e1ndorl\u00f3k meger\u0151s\u00edtik, hogy az itt \u00e9l\u0151 n\u00e9pess\u00e9g k\u00e9nyszer\u0171 m\u00f3don integr\u00e1l\u00f3dott ebbe az \u00faj \u00e9letm\u00f3dba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hozz\u00e1tette: annak ellen\u00e9re, hogy a sokf\u00e9le n\u00e9pess\u00e9g \u00e9lt egy\u00fctt, nincs arra vonatkoz\u00f3 bizony\u00edt\u00e9k, hogy az ilyen, k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 h\u00e1tter\u0171 embereknek k\u00f6z\u00f6s gyermekeik lettek volna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A paleogenetikai adatokb\u00f3l felt\u00e1rt r\u00e9szletek k\u00f6z\u00fcl sok hi\u00e1nyzik a t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti feljegyz\u00e9sekb\u0151l, mivel ezek t\u00f6bbnyire az eur\u00f3pai \u0151s\u00f6k lak\u00f3ira vonatkoznak. Az \u00faj adatok azonban \u00faj \u201eemberi\u201d r\u00e9teget adnak ahhoz, hogy a tudom\u00e1ny meg\u00e9rtse \u00daj-Spanyolorsz\u00e1g t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelm\u00e9nek d\u00f6nt\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa korszak\u00e1t \u00e9s hely\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.origo.hu\/tudomany\/20220717-a-dns-feltarja-a-gyarmati-mexiko-alapito-nepesseget.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(origo.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A r\u00e9g\u00e9szek \u00f6sszegy\u0171jt\u00f6tt\u00e9k a mexik\u00f3i Campeche t\u00edz, gyarmati kori lakos\u00e1nak DNS-\u00e9t, felt\u00e1rva az amerikai kontinensen \u00e9l\u0151 eur\u00f3pai telep\u00fcl\u00e9sek alap\u00edt\u00f3 popul\u00e1ci\u00f3inak sokf\u00e9les\u00e9g\u00e9t. Ez volt az els\u0151 v\u00e1ros, amelyet a spanyolok a Yucat\u00e1n-f\u00e9lszigeten alap\u00edtottak 1540-ben.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":3364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,39],"tags":[772,1793,624,851],"class_list":["post-3361","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-vilag","tag-dns","tag-genetikai-vizsgalat","tag-mexiko","tag-temeto"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3361"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3370,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3361\/revisions\/3370"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3364"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3361"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3361"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3361"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}