{"id":3582,"date":"2022-09-17T22:07:00","date_gmt":"2022-09-17T19:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3582"},"modified":"2022-09-17T05:00:56","modified_gmt":"2022-09-17T02:00:56","slug":"egyutt-vonultak-hadba-bizanc-ellen-a-magyarok-es-a-vikingek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3582&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"Egy\u00fctt vonultak hadba Biz\u00e1nc ellen a magyarok \u00e9s a vikingek"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Eur\u00f3pa a VIII. \u00e9s IX. sz\u00e1zadban a tenger fel\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 vikingekt\u0151l, majd a X. sz\u00e1zadban a keletr\u0151l bet\u00f6r\u0151 magyarokt\u00f3l rettegett. Hogy kapcsol\u00f3dott \u00f6ssze a k\u00e9t n\u00e9p?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Szent Istv\u00e1n-kard \u00e9szaki sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00fa, de Sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1gban is tal\u00e1ltak magyar \u00edjakat a r\u00e9g\u00e9szek. A National Geographic k\u00f6zlem\u00e9nye szerint a Vikingek: A dics\u0151s\u00e9gt\u0151l a buk\u00e1sig c\u00edm\u0171, okt\u00f3ber 2-\u00e1n indul\u00f3 sorozat a k\u00e9t n\u00e9p tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1sinak t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t is bemutatja, amelyet Katona Csete, a Debreceni Egyetem T\u00f6rt\u00e9nettudom\u00e1nyi Int\u00e9zet\u00e9nek oktat\u00f3ja foglalt \u00f6ssze.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/vikingek-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3583\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/vikingek-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/vikingek-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/vikingek-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/vikingek.jpg 1108w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A viking val\u00f3j\u00e1ban egy foglalkoz\u00e1s<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A nyugat-eur\u00f3pai t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00edr\u00e1sban meg\u00f6r\u00f6k\u00edtett viking sz\u00f3 igaz\u00e1b\u00f3l egy foglalkoz\u00e1sra vonatkozott, \u201etengeri rabl\u00f3t\u201d jelentett. Keleten a Skandin\u00e1vi\u00e1b\u00f3l \u00e9rkez\u0151 harcosokra \u00e9s keresked\u0151kre ruszk\u00e9nt, k\u00e9s\u0151bb var\u00e9gk\u00e9nt, azaz \u201etest\u0151rk\u00e9nt\u201d hivatkoztak. Meghat\u00e1roz\u00f3 szerep\u00fck volt a Kijevi Rusz megalap\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban, is \u00e9s t\u00f6bb sz\u00e1lon is kapcsol\u00f3dnak a magyar t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemhez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Egy perzsa t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00edr\u00f3 szerint a IX. sz\u00e1zad k\u00f6zep\u00e9n az Etelk\u00f6zben tart\u00f3zkod\u00f3 \u0151seink porty\u00e1kkal zaklatt\u00e1k a Kijev k\u00f6r\u00fcl leteleped\u0151 szl\u00e1vokat \u00e9s a ruszokat, majd foglyaikat eladt\u00e1k a biz\u00e1nciaknak. 860-ban a magyarok zavartalanul engedt\u00e9k \u00e1t a Konstantin\u00e1poly megt\u00e1mad\u00e1s\u00e1ra indul\u00f3 t\u00f6bb ezer f\u0151s rusz flott\u00e1t, mely az etelk\u00f6zi sz\u00e1ll\u00e1ster\u00fcleten kereszt\u00fclfoly\u00f3 Dnyeperen haladt d\u00e9l fel\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A 970-es \u00e9vekben egy Biz\u00e1nc ellen vezetett hadj\u00e1ratban a magyarok a ruszok sz\u00f6vets\u00e9geseik\u00e9nt vettek r\u00e9szt, k\u00f6z\u00f6s kereskedelm\u00fck is prosper\u00e1lt. A K\u00e1rp\u00e1t-medenc\u00e9b\u0151l sz\u00e1mos olyan, X. sz\u00e1zadra keltezhet\u0151 lelet ker\u00fclt el\u0151, amik Skandin\u00e1via vagy a ruszok ter\u00fclet\u00e9r\u0151l terjedtek el, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul balta alak\u00fa amulettek, k\u00e9t\u00e9l\u0171 viking kardok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen h\u00edres lelet a Pr\u00e1g\u00e1ban \u0151rz\u00f6tt Szent Istv\u00e1n-kard, vagy a Duna medr\u00e9b\u0151l el\u0151kotort hossz\u00fa l\u00e1ndzsa, melynek t\u00edpusa \u00e9s d\u00edsz\u00edt\u00e9se a sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1gi Gotland sziget\u00e9r\u0151l ismert p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokkal egyezik. A korai magyars\u00e1gra jellemz\u0151 \u00edjak \u00e9s ezek kieg\u00e9sz\u00edt\u0151i, s\u00fcvegcs\u00facsok \u00e9s veretes tarsolyok el\u0151ker\u00fcltek Ukrajna, Oroszorsz\u00e1g \u00e9s Sv\u00e9dorsz\u00e1g ter\u00fcleteir\u0151l is. A sv\u00e9d M\u00e4laren-t\u00f3 sziget\u00e9n l\u00e9tes\u00fclt Birka leletei k\u00f6z\u00f6tt domin\u00e1lnak a magyaros fegyverleletek \u00e9s katonai felszerel\u00e9sek maradv\u00e1nyai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">G\u00e9za sz\u0151ke test\u0151rei<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e9pszer\u0171 elm\u00e9let, hogy G\u00e9z\u00e1t skandin\u00e1v sz\u00e1rmaz\u00e1s\u00fa test\u0151r\u00f6k v\u00e9dt\u00e9k. A 980-as \u00e9vekben a nom\u00e1d beseny\u0151k komolyan t\u00e1madt\u00e1k a ruszok dnyeperi v\u00edzi \u00fatj\u00e1t Konstantin\u00e1poly fel\u00e9, a rusz harcosok ekkor kezdt\u00e9k Magyarorsz\u00e1got haszn\u00e1lni \u00fatvonalk\u00e9nt Kijev \u00e9s Konstantin\u00e1poly k\u00f6z\u00f6tt. T\u00f6bben k\u00f6z\u00fcl\u00fck elszeg\u0151dtek a fejedelem mell\u00e9 test\u0151rnek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kijevi \u00e9s a magyar udvar k\u00f6z\u00f6tti \u201etest\u0151rcsere\u201d mellett az \u00e9szaki eredet\u0171 k\u00eds\u00e9rettagok egy m\u00e1sik hull\u00e1m\u00e1hoz tartozhattak azok a Biz\u00e1ncban szolg\u00e1l\u00f3 var\u00e9gok, akik Istv\u00e1n fi\u00e1nak, Imr\u00e9nek a biz\u00e1nci menyasszony\u00e1val \u00e9rkezhettek magyar f\u00f6ldre. Imre herceget a hildesheimi \u00e9vk\u00f6nyvek dux Ruizorumnak, azaz a \u201eruszok vez\u00e9r\u00e9nek\u201d nevezik, \u0151 lehetett a ruszokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3 kir\u00e1lyi test\u0151rs\u00e9g parancsnoka. Ezekkel az elm\u00e9letekkel p\u00e1rhuzamosan a t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u00e9szek t\u00f6bb magyar helys\u00e9gnevet is kapcsolatba hoznak a rusz \u00e9s var\u00e9g n\u00e9pelemekkel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/index.hu\/tudomany\/2022\/09\/16\/viking-magyar-ostortenet-honfoglalas-portyazas\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(index.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eur\u00f3pa a VIII. \u00e9s IX. sz\u00e1zadban a tenger fel\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 vikingekt\u0151l, majd a X. sz\u00e1zadban a keletr\u0151l bet\u00f6r\u0151 magyarokt\u00f3l rettegett. Hogy kapcsol\u00f3dott \u00f6ssze a k\u00e9t n\u00e9p?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":3583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,11,39],"tags":[1045,29978,11893,13190],"class_list":["post-3582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-kiemelt-tema","category-vilag","tag-bizanc","tag-harcok","tag-magyarok","tag-vikingek"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3582"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3584,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3582\/revisions\/3584"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}