{"id":3956,"date":"2023-06-11T22:22:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-11T19:22:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3956"},"modified":"2023-06-11T14:10:03","modified_gmt":"2023-06-11T11:10:03","slug":"a-neandervolgyi-es-a-homo-sapiens-mellett-elt-meg-egy-intelligens-emberfaj","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=3956&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"A Neanderv\u00f6lgyi \u00e9s a Homo sapiens mellett \u00e9lt m\u00e9g egy intelligens emberfaj"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A Homo naledi nev\u0171 kihalt emberfajt el\u0151sz\u00f6r 2015-ben \u00edrt\u00e1k le az antropol\u00f3gusok, \u00e9s az\u00f3ta kider\u00fclt, hogy a Homo sapiensn\u00e9l sokkal kisebb agya ellen\u00e9re a mai emberhez hasonl\u00f3an komplex viselked\u00e9sre volt k\u00e9pes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Megint \u00e1t kell \u00edrni az emberi evol\u00faci\u00f3 t\u00f6rt\u00e9net\u00e9t, a d\u00e9l-afrikai Gauteng tartom\u00e1nyban a Rising Star barlangrendszerben egy \u00e9vtizeddel ezel\u0151tt felfedezett maradv\u00e1nyok tulajdonosai ugyanis meglepet\u00e9sekkel szolg\u00e1ltak. A fejlem\u00e9nyeket a h\u00e9ten a NewYork-i Stony Brook egyetemen rendezett Richard Leakey eml\u00e9kkonferenci\u00e1n jelentett\u00e9k be.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9a44bb8b67e848fca31d5be23f93c4e4-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3957\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9a44bb8b67e848fca31d5be23f93c4e4-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9a44bb8b67e848fca31d5be23f93c4e4-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9a44bb8b67e848fca31d5be23f93c4e4-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9a44bb8b67e848fca31d5be23f93c4e4.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az antropol\u00f3gusok 2015-ben k\u00fcl\u00f6n emberfajba sorolt\u00e1k a fossz\u00edli\u00e1kat Homo naledi n\u00e9ven. A barlangrendszer egy\u00e9bk\u00e9nt az Emberis\u00e9g B\u00f6lcs\u0151je nev\u0171 vil\u00e1g\u00f6r\u00f6ks\u00e9gi helysz\u00ednen helyezkedik el, ahol a vil\u00e1gon a legnagyobb koncentr\u00e1ci\u00f3ban tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k \u0151sembermaradv\u00e1nyokat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u00e9lyen benn a barlangban a kutat\u00f3k olyan dologra bukkantak, amelyre a Homo naledi agyt\u00e9rfogata \u00e9s kora alapj\u00e1n igaz\u00e1n nem sz\u00e1m\u00edtottak: s\u00edrokra, amelyek az eddig ismert legr\u00e9gebbi emberi s\u00edrokat t\u00f6bb mint sz\u00e1zezer \u00e9vvel el\u0151zik meg. Emellett a m\u00e9szk\u0151 falakon h\u00e1romsz\u00f6gekb\u0151l, n\u00e9gyzetekb\u0151l \u00e9s keresztvonalk\u00e1z\u00e1sokb\u00f3l \u00e1ll\u00f3, 236-335 ezer \u00e9ves bev\u00e9s\u00e9seket tal\u00e1ltak, amelyeket szint\u00e9n a Homo naledinek tulajdon\u00edtanak. A t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmet val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg \u00e1t kell \u00edrni \u2013 foglalta \u00f6ssze a The Washington Post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Discovering Homo naledi\u2019s meaningful burials\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"667d7f2161821\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ED3t5flTlhk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"667d7f2161821\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Discovering Homo naledi\u2019s meaningful burials\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"6a214b17affe8\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ED3t5flTlhk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"6a214b17affe8\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Discovering Homo naledi\u2019s meaningful burials\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"667d7f2161821\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ED3t5flTlhk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"667d7f2161821\");<\/script><noscript><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Discovering Homo naledi\u2019s meaningful burials\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ED3t5flTlhk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nagy pillanat ez az emberi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelemben \u2013 mondta Lee Berger d\u00e9l-afrikai paleontol\u00f3gus. \u201eMit tesz\u00fcnk majd, ha tal\u00e1lkozunk egy m\u00e1sik kult\u00far\u00e1val, amelyik \u00e9pp olyan komplex, mint a mi\u00e9nk? H\u00e1t most tal\u00e1lkoztunk\u201d \u2013 tette hozz\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A modern ember, a Homo sapiens mintegy 300 ezer \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt jelent meg Afrik\u00e1ban, teh\u00e1t a Homo naledivel egy id\u0151ben \u00e9lt, ahogy a 750 ezer \u00e9ve felbukkant, de 40 ezer \u00e9ve kipusztult, Eur\u00f3p\u00e1ban \u00e9s a K\u00f6zel-Keleten honos Neanderv\u00f6lgyi is.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9ae3cc3c51594c66b1d785a88ed58309-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3958\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9ae3cc3c51594c66b1d785a88ed58309-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9ae3cc3c51594c66b1d785a88ed58309-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9ae3cc3c51594c66b1d785a88ed58309-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/9ae3cc3c51594c66b1d785a88ed58309.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az ut\u00f3bbi kett\u0151ben k\u00f6z\u00f6s a nagy agyt\u00e9rfogat, \u00e9s a Homo naledit\u0151l az\u00e9rt meglep\u0151 a modern emberhez m\u00e9rhet\u0151en komplex viselked\u00e9s, mert az agya nem volt nagyobb gr\u00e9pfr\u00fat m\u00e9ret\u0171n\u00e9l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00e1sokban r\u00e9szt nem vett tud\u00f3sok t\u00f6bbs\u00e9ge tagadja, hogy a felfedezett v\u00e9setek a Homo naledihez k\u00f6thet\u0151k. Az egyik szkeptikus, Bernard Wood, a George Washington Egyetem professzora szerint az 1930-as \u00e9vekben barlangkutat\u00f3k is csin\u00e1lhatt\u00e1k. A kutat\u00e1s r\u00e9sztvev\u0151i szerint azonban nagyon neh\u00e9z bejutni ebbe a barlangba, \u00e9s nincs r\u00e1 bizony\u00edt\u00e9k, hogy ezt barlangkutat\u00f3k kor\u00e1bban megtett\u00e9k volna.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/99b1c620e8344ddcb1a95bcbadc1592c-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3960\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/99b1c620e8344ddcb1a95bcbadc1592c-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/99b1c620e8344ddcb1a95bcbadc1592c-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/99b1c620e8344ddcb1a95bcbadc1592c-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/99b1c620e8344ddcb1a95bcbadc1592c.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ami a s\u00edrokat illeti, ezek sokkal r\u00e9gebbiek, mint a Homo sapiens ismert legr\u00e9gebbi s\u00edrja, amelyet az izraeli Kafce barlangban tal\u00e1ltak, \u00e9s 92 ezer \u00e9ves. A spanyolorsz\u00e1gi Sima de los Huesosban (a Csontok G\u00f6dre) Neanderv\u00f6lgyiek m\u00e1r 450 ezer \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt elhelyezt\u00e9k halottaikat, ez azonban messze kev\u00e9sb\u00e9 \u00f6sszetett viselked\u00e9s volt, mint amelyet a Homo naledinek tulajdon\u00edtanak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Amit itt l\u00e1tunk, az egy ism\u00e9tl\u0151d\u0151 ritu\u00e1l\u00e9 \u2013 mondta Berger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Homo Naledi - Ancient Human\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"667d7f21796c3\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fgaL4wEM3qc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"667d7f21796c3\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Homo Naledi - Ancient Human\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"6a214b17b01ff\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fgaL4wEM3qc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"6a214b17b01ff\");<\/script><noscript><iframe title=\"Homo Naledi - Ancient Human\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" data-mhmlazyloadvideo=\"667d7f21796c3\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fgaL4wEM3qc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><script data-plugin=\"mhm_lazyloadvideo\">mhmlazyloadvideo(\"667d7f21796c3\");<\/script><noscript><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Homo Naledi - Ancient Human\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fgaL4wEM3qc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/noscript><\/noscript>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00e1r ebben a tekintetben is vannak tam\u00e1skod\u00f3k, a kutat\u00f3k a helysz\u00ednen lelt bizony\u00edt\u00e9kok alapj\u00e1n bizonyosak abban, hogy a fossz\u00edli\u00e1k nem v\u00e9letlenszer\u0171en ker\u00fcltek oda, hanem tudatosan eltemett\u00e9k \u0151ket. Erre utal, hogy a testek k\u00f6r\u00fcl \u00f6sszekeveredtek az \u00fcled\u00e9k k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 r\u00e9tegei. Bizony\u00edt\u00e9k az is, hogy \u00e9p, nem sz\u00e9thullott gerinccel tal\u00e1lt\u00e1k meg egy csecsem\u0151 csontv\u00e1z\u00e1t, holott ilyen korban ezek a csontok m\u00e9g nem forrnak egybe. \u201eMajdnem teljesen biztos, hogy sz\u00e9tv\u00e1ltak volna, ha a testet nem temetik el\u201d \u2013 v\u00e9lte Frederick Grone, a Stony Brook antropol\u00f3gia \u00e9s anat\u00f3mia professzora, aki nem volt tagja a kutat\u00f3csoportnak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.vg.hu\/extra\/2023\/06\/kiderult-a-neandervolgyi-es-a-homo-sapiens-mellett-volt-meg-egy-intelligens-emberfaj?utm_source=hirstart&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=hiraggregator\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">(vg.hu)<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A Homo naledi nev\u0171 kihalt emberfajt el\u0151sz\u00f6r 2015-ben \u00edrt\u00e1k le az antropol\u00f3gusok, \u00e9s az\u00f3ta kider\u00fclt, hogy a Homo sapiensn\u00e9l sokkal kisebb agya ellen\u00e9re a mai emberhez hasonl\u00f3an komplex viselked\u00e9sre volt k\u00e9pes.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":3957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,41,23,25,39],"tags":[11183,1333,225,3254,49537],"class_list":["post-3956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-a-nap-hirei","category-cikkek","category-fotok","category-videok","category-vilag","tag-homo-naledi","tag-homo-sapiens","tag-neandervolgyi-ember","tag-osember","tag-rising-star-barlangrendszser"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3956"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3962,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3956\/revisions\/3962"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}