{"id":815,"date":"2020-06-06T22:41:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-06T19:41:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=815"},"modified":"2020-06-05T21:08:18","modified_gmt":"2020-06-05T18:08:18","slug":"osi-maja-epitmeny-nyomaira-bukkantak-mexikoban","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/?p=815&lang=hu","title":{"rendered":"\u0150si maja \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny nyomaira bukkantak Mexik\u00f3ban"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>A leg\u0151sibb \u00e9s\nlegnagyobb maja \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyt fedezt\u00e9k fel r\u00e9g\u00e9szek l\u00e9gi t\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9ses m\u00f3dszerrel\na mexik\u00f3i dzsungelben.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A Mexik\u00f3 d\u00e9lkeleti r\u00e9sz\u00e9n, Tabasco \u00e1llamban tal\u00e1lt hatalmas,\nn\u00e9gysz\u00f6gletes alap\u00fa \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny az i.e. 1000 \u00e9s 800 k\u00f6z\u00f6tti id\u0151szakban k\u00e9sz\u00fclt. A\nk\u00e9s\u0151bbi, ismert maja piramisokt\u00f3l elt\u00e9r\u0151en nem k\u0151b\u0151l, hanem agyagb\u00f3l \u00e9s f\u00f6ldb\u0151l\n\u00e9p\u00edtett\u00e9k, \u00e9s a tud\u00f3sok szerint t\u00f6meges ritu\u00e1lis rendezv\u00e9nyekhez haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja1-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-816\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja1-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja1-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja1-1.jpg 1392w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption> L\u00e9gi felv\u00e9tel az \u00e1sat\u00e1si helysz\u00ednr\u0151l <em>(Forr\u00e1s: Takeshi Inomata)<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A guatemalai hat\u00e1r k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben, az Aguada Fenix r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti\nhelysz\u00ednen tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny 400 m\u00e9ter sz\u00e9les, 1400 m\u00e9ter hossz\u00fa \u00e9s 10-15\nm\u00e9ter magas. Teljes kiterjed\u00e9s\u00e9ben nagyobb, mint az 1500 \u00e9vvel kor\u00e1bban \u00e9p\u00fclt\ng\u00edzai nagy piramis, \u00e9s a legnagyobb prehisp\u00e1n \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny a t\u00e9rs\u00e9gben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Magas t\u00e1rsadalmi st\u00e1tusz\u00fa embereket \u00e1br\u00e1zol\u00f3 szobroknak nem\ntal\u00e1lt\u00e1k benne nyom\u00e1t, ami arra utal, hogy a maja kult\u00far\u00e1nak ebben a korai\nszakasz\u00e1ban ink\u00e1bb a k\u00f6z\u00f6ss\u00e9gnek jutott jelent\u0151s szerep, csak k\u00e9s\u0151bb alakultak\nki a t\u00e1rsadalmi k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek az uralkod\u00f3 \u00e1ltal vezetett hierarchi\u00e1ban \u2013 mutattak\nr\u00e1 szerd\u00e1n a kutat\u00e1st ismertet\u0151 tud\u00f3sok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Az Ariz\u00f3nai Egyetem r\u00e9g\u00e9sze, Takeshi Inomata \u00e1ltal vezetett\nkutat\u00e1s sor\u00e1n a mexik\u00f3i-guatemalai hat\u00e1rn\u00e1l 21 nagy \u00e9s kisebb, de hasonl\u00f3\nszerkezet\u0171, \u00e9szak-d\u00e9li ir\u00e1ny\u00fa ceremoni\u00e1lis k\u00f6zpontra bukkantak az \u0151serd\u0151vel\nbor\u00edtott ter\u00fcleten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mivel strukt\u00far\u00e1ja horizont\u00e1lis, a legnagyobb \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9ny,\nAguada Felix is beleolvad a term\u00e9szeti felsz\u00ednbe, de a l\u00e9zeres t\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9st\nhaszn\u00e1l\u00f3 LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) m\u00f3dszerrel sz\u00e9pen kirajzol\u00f3dott a\nform\u00e1ja \u2013 mondta el Inomata, akinek csoportja a Nature foly\u00f3iratban publik\u00e1lta\na kutat\u00e1st.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A r\u00e9g\u00e9szcsoport 2018 \u00e9s 2020 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt v\u00e9gzett l\u00e9gi t\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9ses felder\u00edt\u00e9st a r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti helysz\u00ednen, amit \u00e1sat\u00e1sok k\u00f6vettek. A r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti helysz\u00edn f\u00f6l\u00f6tt a leveg\u0151b\u0151l siker\u00fclt a l\u00e9zeres t\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9ssel felfedezni a nagy kiterjed\u00e9s\u0171 \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyt, \u00e9s az \u00edgy nyert adatokb\u00f3l elk\u00e9sz\u00edteni h\u00e1romdimenzi\u00f3s k\u00e9p\u00e9t. Az \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyhez kilenc \u00fat \u00e9s egy sor v\u00edzt\u00e1rol\u00f3 is kapcsol\u00f3dott. A kutat\u00f3k szerint i.e. 750-ben hagyhatt\u00e1k el a maj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"629\" height=\"836\" src=\"http:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-817\" srcset=\"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja2-1.jpg 629w, https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/maja2-1-226x300.jpg 226w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 629px) 100vw, 629px\" \/><figcaption> A komplexum kiterjed\u00e9s\u00e9t ez a 3D-s k\u00e9p szeml\u00e9lteti<em> (Forr\u00e1s: Takeshi Inomata)<\/em> <\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aguada Fenix k\u00f6rny\u00e9k\u00e9nek egyes r\u00e9szein ma\nszarvasmarha-teny\u00e9szt\u00e9s folyik, m\u00e1s r\u00e9szeit erd\u0151k bor\u00edtj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Inomata szerint a k\u00f6rny\u00e9ken \u00e9l\u0151k feltehet\u0151en a napt\u00e1ri\nciklusokhoz kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3an alkalmank\u00e9nt gy\u0171lhettek \u00f6ssze. A szertart\u00e1sokban az\nutak ment\u00e9n \u00e9s a n\u00e9gysz\u00f6glet\u0171 t\u00e9ren bel\u00fcli k\u00f6rmeneteknek is szerepe lehetett. A\nt\u00e9r k\u00f6zep\u00e9re szimbolikus t\u00e1rgyakat, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul j\u00e1defejsz\u00e9ket helyeztek el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A maja kult\u00fara, melynek vir\u00e1gkor\u00e1t a 200\u2013800 k\u00f6r\u00fcli korszakra teszik, fejlett \u00edr\u00e1sbelis\u00e9g\u00e9r\u0151l, matematikai \u00e9s csillag\u00e1szati tud\u00e1s\u00e1r\u00f3l h\u00edres. A kutat\u00f3k szerint az \u00faj felfedez\u00e9s hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul a maja civiliz\u00e1ci\u00f3 tov\u00e1bbra is hom\u00e1lyba vesz\u0151 eredet\u00e9nek megfejt\u00e9s\u00e9hez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A kutat\u00f3k egy jellegzetes von\u00e1s\u00e1t is azonos\u00edtott\u00e1k az\n\u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nynek: egy nyugati dombb\u00f3l \u00e9s egy keleti platformb\u00f3l \u00e1ll. A r\u00e9g\u00e9szek\nszerint ez a feloszt\u00e1s csillag\u00e1szati megfigyel\u00e9sekhez kapcsol\u00f3dhatott: a\nnyugati dombr\u00f3l a ny\u00e1ri \u00e9s t\u00e9li id\u0151szakban a napfelkelt\u00e9t lehetett megfigyelni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A l\u00e9zeres technol\u00f3gi\u00e1val a r\u00e9g\u00e9szcsoport m\u00e1r kor\u00e1bban is\nfelfedezett egy i.e. 950-b\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyt a Ceibal maja r\u00e9g\u00e9szeti\nhelysz\u00ednen, Guatemal\u00e1ban, amelyet akkor a leg\u0151sibb maja \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nynek tartottak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>(origo.hu)<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A leg\u0151sibb \u00e9s legnagyobb maja \u00e9p\u00edtm\u00e9nyt fedezt\u00e9k fel r\u00e9g\u00e9szek l\u00e9gi t\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u00e9ses m\u00f3dszerrel a mexik\u00f3i dzsungelben.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":816,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,49,39],"tags":[623,624],"class_list":["post-815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cikkek","category-hirek","category-vilag","tag-maja-epitmeny","tag-mexiko"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=815"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/history.karpat.in.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}